This subject develops skills within the second year of the Master of Creative Music Therapy to understand the aetiology and treatment of a wide range of clinical conditions and diverse needs affecting adult clients, including applications to aged care, mental health, palliative care and music medicine. The role of emotions in therapy and verbal counselling skills are addressed within the time available. This subject draws on evidence and examples from music therapy and related fields, supporting students in developing applied critical thinking approaches and gathering knowledge in a systematic manner culminating in a systematic literature review. In addition, students are introduced to abstract writing and beginning information for research proposal development.